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AN20.1-10 | General Features, Joints, radiographs & surface marking (Lower Limb) — Glossary
Glossary — General Features, Joints, radiographs & surface marking (Lower Limb)
Key terms introduced in this module, in order of first appearance. Use this as a revision checklist.
| Term | Where Introduced |
|---|---|
| Ankle joint anatomy | Why This Matters |
| Varicose veins & DVT | Why This Matters |
| Lymphadenopathy | Why This Matters |
| Pulse palpation | Why This Matters |
| Surface anatomy | Why This Matters |
| Radiograph reading | Why This Matters |
| Hip joint | What You Already Know |
| Knee joint | What You Already Know |
| Arteries | What You Already Know |
| Sciatic nerve | What You Already Know |
| Dermatomes | What You Already Know |
| ankle joint | Ankle (Talocrural) Joint |
| synovial hinge joint | Ankle (Talocrural) Joint |
| Articular surfaces | Ankle (Talocrural) Joint |
| Capsule | Ankle (Talocrural) Joint |
| Medial (Deltoid) Ligament | Ankle (Talocrural) Joint |
| Lateral Ligament | Ankle (Talocrural) Joint |
| ATFL | Ankle (Talocrural) Joint |
| CFL | Ankle (Talocrural) Joint |
| PTFL | Ankle (Talocrural) Joint |
| Movements | Ankle (Talocrural) Joint |
| Blood supply | Ankle (Talocrural) Joint |
| Nerve supply | Ankle (Talocrural) Joint |
| Clinical — Pott's Fracture-Dislocation | Ankle (Talocrural) Joint |
| Subtalar Joint (Talocalcaneal Joint) | Subtalar & Transverse Tarsal Joints |
| Inversion and eversion | Subtalar & Transverse Tarsal Joints |
| Subtalar fusion | Subtalar & Transverse Tarsal Joints |
| Transverse Tarsal Joint (Midtarsal / Chopart's Joint) | Subtalar & Transverse Tarsal Joints |
| Talonavicular joint | Subtalar & Transverse Tarsal Joints |
| Calcaneocuboid joint | Subtalar & Transverse Tarsal Joints |
| Chopart amputation | Subtalar & Transverse Tarsal Joints |
| Lisfranc joint | Subtalar & Transverse Tarsal Joints |
| Fascia Lata | Fascia Lata, Retinacula & Dermatomes |
| iliotibial (IT) band/tract | Fascia Lata, Retinacula & Dermatomes |
| IT band syndrome | Fascia Lata, Retinacula & Dermatomes |
| femoral sheath | Fascia Lata, Retinacula & Dermatomes |
| Retinacula | Fascia Lata, Retinacula & Dermatomes |
| Extensor retinacula | Fascia Lata, Retinacula & Dermatomes |
| Flexor retinaculum | Fascia Lata, Retinacula & Dermatomes |
| Peroneal retinacula | Fascia Lata, Retinacula & Dermatomes |
| Dermatomes of the Lower Limb | Fascia Lata, Retinacula & Dermatomes |
| Memory | Fascia Lata, Retinacula & Dermatomes |
| Superficial Veins | Venous Drainage & Varicose Veins |
| Great (Long) Saphenous Vein (GSV) | Venous Drainage & Varicose Veins |
| Contains 12-15 valves | Venous Drainage & Varicose Veins |
| Small (Short) Saphenous Vein (SSV) | Venous Drainage & Varicose Veins |
| Perforating Veins | Venous Drainage & Varicose Veins |
| Varicose Veins | Venous Drainage & Varicose Veins |
| Definition | Venous Drainage & Varicose Veins |
| Anatomical basis | Venous Drainage & Varicose Veins |
| Venous ulcer location | Venous Drainage & Varicose Veins |
| DVT | Venous Drainage & Varicose Veins |
| Indian context | Venous Drainage & Varicose Veins |
| Trendelenburg test | Clinical Pearl: Trendelenburg Test for Varicose Veins |
| Step 1 (emptying) | Clinical Pearl: Trendelenburg Test for Varicose Veins |
| Step 2 (tourniquet) | Clinical Pearl: Trendelenburg Test for Varicose Veins |
| Step 3 (standing) | Clinical Pearl: Trendelenburg Test for Varicose Veins |
| Interpretation | Clinical Pearl: Trendelenburg Test for Varicose Veins |
| Veins fill quickly from below | Clinical Pearl: Trendelenburg Test for Varicose Veins |
| Veins remain empty | Clinical Pearl: Trendelenburg Test for Varicose Veins |
| Why anatomy matters | Clinical Pearl: Trendelenburg Test for Varicose Veins |
| Lymphatic Drainage of the Lower Limb | Lymphatic Drainage & Inguinal Lymphadenopathy |
| Superficial inguinal nodes | Lymphatic Drainage & Inguinal Lymphadenopathy |
| Horizontal group | Lymphatic Drainage & Inguinal Lymphadenopathy |
| Vertical group | Lymphatic Drainage & Inguinal Lymphadenopathy |
| Deep inguinal nodes | Lymphatic Drainage & Inguinal Lymphadenopathy |
| Clinical — Inguinal Lymphadenopathy | Lymphatic Drainage & Inguinal Lymphadenopathy |
| Infected toe/foot/leg | Lymphatic Drainage & Inguinal Lymphadenopathy |
| External genitalia/anal infection | Lymphatic Drainage & Inguinal Lymphadenopathy |
| Scrotal carcinoma | Lymphatic Drainage & Inguinal Lymphadenopathy |
| Testicular carcinoma | Lymphatic Drainage & Inguinal Lymphadenopathy |
| Penile carcinoma | Lymphatic Drainage & Inguinal Lymphadenopathy |
| Metastatic nodes | Lymphatic Drainage & Inguinal Lymphadenopathy |
| Exam trap | Lymphatic Drainage & Inguinal Lymphadenopathy |
| AP Radiograph of the Hip (AN20.6) | Radiographs of the Lower Limb — What to Identify |
| Shenton's line | Radiographs of the Lower Limb — What to Identify |
| Neck-shaft angle | Radiographs of the Lower Limb — What to Identify |
| AP Radiograph of the Knee | Radiographs of the Lower Limb — What to Identify |
| AP + Lateral Radiograph of the Ankle | Radiographs of the Lower Limb — What to Identify |
| AP Radiograph of the Foot | Radiographs of the Lower Limb — What to Identify |
| Key measurements | Radiographs of the Lower Limb — What to Identify |
| Palpate these on yourself as you read | Important Bony Landmarks of the Lower Limb |
| Pelvis/Hip level | Important Bony Landmarks of the Lower Limb |
| Highest point of iliac crest | Important Bony Landmarks of the Lower Limb |
| Posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS) | Important Bony Landmarks of the Lower Limb |
| Iliac tubercle | Important Bony Landmarks of the Lower Limb |
| Pubic tubercle | Important Bony Landmarks of the Lower Limb |
| Ischial tuberosity | Important Bony Landmarks of the Lower Limb |
| Adductor tubercle | Important Bony Landmarks of the Lower Limb |
| Knee level | Important Bony Landmarks of the Lower Limb |
| Tibial tuberosity | Important Bony Landmarks of the Lower Limb |
| Head of fibula | Important Bony Landmarks of the Lower Limb |
| Medial and lateral condyles of femur and tibia | Important Bony Landmarks of the Lower Limb |
| Ankle/Foot level | Important Bony Landmarks of the Lower Limb |
| Medial malleolus | Important Bony Landmarks of the Lower Limb |
| Lateral malleolus | Important Bony Landmarks of the Lower Limb |
| Sustentaculum tali | Important Bony Landmarks of the Lower Limb |
| Tuberosity of 5th metatarsal | Important Bony Landmarks of the Lower Limb |
| Tuberosity of navicular | Important Bony Landmarks of the Lower Limb |
| Calcaneal tuberosity | Important Bony Landmarks of the Lower Limb |
| AN20.8 — Arterial Pulse Palpation | Surface Projection of Lower Limb Arteries |
| 1. Femoral Artery | Surface Projection of Lower Limb Arteries |
| Surface marking | Surface Projection of Lower Limb Arteries |
| Clinical | Surface Projection of Lower Limb Arteries |
| 2. Popliteal Artery | Surface Projection of Lower Limb Arteries |
| 3. Anterior Tibial Artery | Surface Projection of Lower Limb Arteries |
| dorsalis pedis artery | Surface Projection of Lower Limb Arteries |
| 4. Posterior Tibial Artery | Surface Projection of Lower Limb Arteries |
| 5. Dorsalis Pedis | Surface Projection of Lower Limb Arteries |
| Palpation | Surface Projection of Lower Limb Arteries |
| Critical for diabetic foot assessment | Surface Projection of Lower Limb Arteries |
| AN20.9 — Surface Projections | Surface Projection of Lower Limb Nerves & Veins |
| Femoral Nerve | Surface Projection of Lower Limb Nerves & Veins |
| Femoral nerve block | Surface Projection of Lower Limb Nerves & Veins |
| Sciatic nerve injection danger zone | Surface Projection of Lower Limb Nerves & Veins |
| Common Peroneal Nerve | Surface Projection of Lower Limb Nerves & Veins |
| foot drop | Surface Projection of Lower Limb Nerves & Veins |
| Great Saphenous Vein (GSV) | Surface Projection of Lower Limb Nerves & Veins |
| GSV cutdown | Surface Projection of Lower Limb Nerves & Veins |
| Small Saphenous Vein (SSV) | Surface Projection of Lower Limb Nerves & Veins |
| Saphenous Opening (Fossa Ovalis) | Surface Projection of Lower Limb Nerves & Veins |
| AN20.10 — Lower Limb Development | Development of the Lower Limb |
| Timeline | Development of the Lower Limb |
| Week 4 (day 28) | Development of the Lower Limb |
| Week 5 | Development of the Lower Limb |
| Week 6 | Development of the Lower Limb |
| Week 8 | Development of the Lower Limb |
| Week 12 | Development of the Lower Limb |
| Medial rotation | Development of the Lower Limb |
| great toe | Development of the Lower Limb |
| extensor muscles | Development of the Lower Limb |
| Embryological basis of common anomalies | Development of the Lower Limb |
| Club foot (talipes equinovarus) | Development of the Lower Limb |
| Congenital dislocation of hip (DDH) | Development of the Lower Limb |
| Polydactyly | Development of the Lower Limb |
| Syndactyly | Development of the Lower Limb |
| Limb reduction defects | Development of the Lower Limb |
| The Mortise View | Clinical Pearl: Reading the Ankle X-ray — The Mortise View |
| normal ankle mortise | Clinical Pearl: Reading the Ankle X-ray — The Mortise View |
| uniform 3mm joint space | Clinical Pearl: Reading the Ankle X-ray — The Mortise View |
| Asymmetric mortise | Clinical Pearl: Reading the Ankle X-ray — The Mortise View |
| Tibiofibular clear space | Clinical Pearl: Reading the Ankle X-ray — The Mortise View |
| Medial clear space | Clinical Pearl: Reading the Ankle X-ray — The Mortise View |
| Bohler's angle on lateral X-ray of calcaneus | Clinical Pearl: Reading the Ankle X-ray — The Mortise View |
| Subtalar joint | Key Takeaways |
| Lymphatics | Key Takeaways |
| Radiographs | Key Takeaways |
| Bony landmarks | Key Takeaways |
| Arterial pulses | Key Takeaways |
| LL development | Key Takeaways |
150 terms in this module