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AN21.1-11 | Thoracic cage — Glossary
Glossary — Thoracic cage
Key terms introduced in this module, in order of first appearance. Use this as a revision checklist.
| Term | Where Introduced |
|---|---|
| sternum | hook |
| sternal angle | hook |
| emergency department | relevance |
| ward | relevance |
| surgery | relevance |
| radiology | relevance |
| processes | recall |
| fossae | recall |
| foramina | recall |
| synovial | recall |
| cartilaginous | recall |
| Manubrium | The Sternum — Your Chest's Keystone (AN21.1) |
| jugular (suprasternal) notch | The Sternum — Your Chest's Keystone (AN21.1) |
| clavicle | The Sternum — Your Chest's Keystone (AN21.1) |
| 1st costal cartilage | The Sternum — Your Chest's Keystone (AN21.1) |
| Body | The Sternum — Your Chest's Keystone (AN21.1) |
| sternebrae | The Sternum — Your Chest's Keystone (AN21.1) |
| Xiphoid process | The Sternum — Your Chest's Keystone (AN21.1) |
| The sternal angle (Angle of Louis) | The Sternum — Your Chest's Keystone (AN21.1) |
| 2nd costal cartilage | The Sternum — Your Chest's Keystone (AN21.1) |
| trachea bifurcates | The Sternum — Your Chest's Keystone (AN21.1) |
| aortic arch | The Sternum — Your Chest's Keystone (AN21.1) |
| T4/T5 intervertebral disc | The Sternum — Your Chest's Keystone (AN21.1) |
| superior and inferior mediastinum | The Sternum — Your Chest's Keystone (AN21.1) |
| 12 pairs of ribs | Ribs — Typical and Atypical (AN21.2) |
| True ribs | Ribs — Typical and Atypical (AN21.2) |
| False ribs | Ribs — Typical and Atypical (AN21.2) |
| Floating ribs | Ribs — Typical and Atypical (AN21.2) |
| The typical rib (ribs 3–9) | Ribs — Typical and Atypical (AN21.2) |
| head | Ribs — Typical and Atypical (AN21.2) |
| crest of the head | Ribs — Typical and Atypical (AN21.2) |
| neck | Ribs — Typical and Atypical (AN21.2) |
| tubercle | Ribs — Typical and Atypical (AN21.2) |
| shaft (body) | Ribs — Typical and Atypical (AN21.2) |
| angle | Ribs — Typical and Atypical (AN21.2) |
| costal groove | Ribs — Typical and Atypical (AN21.2) |
| Atypical ribs — what makes them special: | Ribs — Typical and Atypical (AN21.2) |
| 1st rib | Ribs — Typical and Atypical (AN21.2) |
| single facet | Ribs — Typical and Atypical (AN21.2) |
| subclavian vein | Ribs — Typical and Atypical (AN21.2) |
| subclavian artery | Ribs — Typical and Atypical (AN21.2) |
| scalene tubercle | Ribs — Typical and Atypical (AN21.2) |
| 2nd rib | Ribs — Typical and Atypical (AN21.2) |
| tuberosity for serratus anterior | Ribs — Typical and Atypical (AN21.2) |
| 10th rib | Ribs — Typical and Atypical (AN21.2) |
| 11th and 12th ribs | Ribs — Typical and Atypical (AN21.2) |
| no neck, no tubercle, and no angle | Ribs — Typical and Atypical (AN21.2) |
| 12 thoracic vertebrae | Thoracic Vertebrae — Designed for Rib Articulation (AN21.3) |
| typical thoracic vertebra | Thoracic Vertebrae — Designed for Rib Articulation (AN21.3) |
| Costal facets on the body | Thoracic Vertebrae — Designed for Rib Articulation (AN21.3) |
| superior demifacet | Thoracic Vertebrae — Designed for Rib Articulation (AN21.3) |
| inferior demifacet | Thoracic Vertebrae — Designed for Rib Articulation (AN21.3) |
| Costal facet on the transverse process | Thoracic Vertebrae — Designed for Rib Articulation (AN21.3) |
| Heart-shaped body | Thoracic Vertebrae — Designed for Rib Articulation (AN21.3) |
| Long, sloping spinous process | Thoracic Vertebrae — Designed for Rib Articulation (AN21.3) |
| Circular vertebral foramen | Thoracic Vertebrae — Designed for Rib Articulation (AN21.3) |
| Atypical thoracic vertebrae: | Thoracic Vertebrae — Designed for Rib Articulation (AN21.3) |
| T1 | Thoracic Vertebrae — Designed for Rib Articulation (AN21.3) |
| T9 | Thoracic Vertebrae — Designed for Rib Articulation (AN21.3) |
| T10 | Thoracic Vertebrae — Designed for Rib Articulation (AN21.3) |
| T11 and T12 | Thoracic Vertebrae — Designed for Rib Articulation (AN21.3) |
| Thoracic inlet | Thoracic Inlet and Outlet — Two Openings, Two Functions (AN21.4) |
| Posterior: | Thoracic Inlet and Outlet — Two Openings, Two Functions (AN21.4) |
| Lateral: | Thoracic Inlet and Outlet — Two Openings, Two Functions (AN21.4) |
| Anterior: | Thoracic Inlet and Outlet — Two Openings, Two Functions (AN21.4) |
| cervical rib | Thoracic Inlet and Outlet — Two Openings, Two Functions (AN21.4) |
| thoracic outlet syndrome | Thoracic Inlet and Outlet — Two Openings, Two Functions (AN21.4) |
| Thoracic outlet | Thoracic Inlet and Outlet — Two Openings, Two Functions (AN21.4) |
| Posterolateral: | Thoracic Inlet and Outlet — Two Openings, Two Functions (AN21.4) |
| Anterolateral: | Thoracic Inlet and Outlet — Two Openings, Two Functions (AN21.4) |
| diaphragm | Thoracic Inlet and Outlet — Two Openings, Two Functions (AN21.4) |
| "I 8 10 Eggs At 12" | Thoracic Inlet and Outlet — Two Openings, Two Functions (AN21.4) |
| sternal angle (Angle of Louis) | |
| intercostal space | Layers of the Intercostal Space (AN21.5) |
| External intercostal muscle | Layers of the Intercostal Space (AN21.5) |
| downward and forward | Layers of the Intercostal Space (AN21.5) |
| external intercostal membrane | Layers of the Intercostal Space (AN21.5) |
| Internal intercostal muscle | Layers of the Intercostal Space (AN21.5) |
| downward and backward | Layers of the Intercostal Space (AN21.5) |
| internal intercostal membrane | Layers of the Intercostal Space (AN21.5) |
| Innermost intercostal muscle | Layers of the Intercostal Space (AN21.5) |
| neurovascular bundle | Layers of the Intercostal Space (AN21.5) |
| Action: | Layers of the Intercostal Space (AN21.5) |
| forced breathing | Layers of the Intercostal Space (AN21.5) |
| VAN | The Intercostal Neurovascular Bundle — VAN Order (AN21.6, AN21.7) |
| Vein | The Intercostal Neurovascular Bundle — VAN Order (AN21.6, AN21.7) |
| Artery | The Intercostal Neurovascular Bundle — VAN Order (AN21.6, AN21.7) |
| Nerve | The Intercostal Neurovascular Bundle — VAN Order (AN21.6, AN21.7) |
| intercostal arteries | The Intercostal Neurovascular Bundle — VAN Order (AN21.6, AN21.7) |
| Posterior intercostal arteries | The Intercostal Neurovascular Bundle — VAN Order (AN21.6, AN21.7) |
| supreme (superior) intercostal artery | The Intercostal Neurovascular Bundle — VAN Order (AN21.6, AN21.7) |
| thoracic aorta | The Intercostal Neurovascular Bundle — VAN Order (AN21.6, AN21.7) |
| Anterior intercostal arteries | The Intercostal Neurovascular Bundle — VAN Order (AN21.6, AN21.7) |
| internal thoracic (internal mammary) artery | The Intercostal Neurovascular Bundle — VAN Order (AN21.6, AN21.7) |
| musculophrenic artery | The Intercostal Neurovascular Bundle — VAN Order (AN21.6, AN21.7) |
| The intercostal veins | The Intercostal Neurovascular Bundle — VAN Order (AN21.6, AN21.7) |
| azygos system | The Intercostal Neurovascular Bundle — VAN Order (AN21.6, AN21.7) |
| hemiazygos system | The Intercostal Neurovascular Bundle — VAN Order (AN21.6, AN21.7) |
| Clinical pearl — chest drain insertion: | The Intercostal Neurovascular Bundle — VAN Order (AN21.6, AN21.7) |
| just above the rib below | The Intercostal Neurovascular Bundle — VAN Order (AN21.6, AN21.7) |
| typical intercostal nerve | Typical and Atypical Intercostal Nerves (AN21.6) |
| Muscular branches | Typical and Atypical Intercostal Nerves (AN21.6) |
| Collateral branch | Typical and Atypical Intercostal Nerves (AN21.6) |
| Lateral cutaneous branch | Typical and Atypical Intercostal Nerves (AN21.6) |
| Anterior cutaneous branch | Typical and Atypical Intercostal Nerves (AN21.6) |
| Atypical intercostal nerves: | Typical and Atypical Intercostal Nerves (AN21.6) |
| 1st intercostal nerve | Typical and Atypical Intercostal Nerves (AN21.6) |
| no lateral cutaneous branch | Typical and Atypical Intercostal Nerves (AN21.6) |
| 2nd intercostal nerve | Typical and Atypical Intercostal Nerves (AN21.6) |
| intercostobrachial nerve | Typical and Atypical Intercostal Nerves (AN21.6) |
| medial aspect of the upper arm | Typical and Atypical Intercostal Nerves (AN21.6) |
| 7th–11th intercostal nerves | Typical and Atypical Intercostal Nerves (AN21.6) |
| anterior abdominal wall | Typical and Atypical Intercostal Nerves (AN21.6) |
| thoraco-abdominal nerves | Typical and Atypical Intercostal Nerves (AN21.6) |
| Subcostal nerve | Typical and Atypical Intercostal Nerves (AN21.6) |
| Dermatome landmarks: | Typical and Atypical Intercostal Nerves (AN21.6) |
| The triangle of safety | clinical_pearl |
| anterior border of latissimus dorsi | clinical_pearl |
| lateral border of pectoralis major | clinical_pearl |
| nipple (5th intercostal space) | clinical_pearl |
| 4th or 5th intercostal space | clinical_pearl |
| mid-axillary line | clinical_pearl |
| costal groove on the inferior border of the rib above | |
| just above the lower rib | summary |
| two joints | Costovertebral and Costotransverse Joints (AN21.8) |
| 1. Joint of the head of the rib (costovertebral joint) | Costovertebral and Costotransverse Joints (AN21.8) |
| intervertebral disc | Costovertebral and Costotransverse Joints (AN21.8) |
| intra-articular ligament | Costovertebral and Costotransverse Joints (AN21.8) |
| 2. Joint of the tubercle of the rib (costotransverse joint) | Costovertebral and Costotransverse Joints (AN21.8) |
| The axis of rib movement | Costovertebral and Costotransverse Joints (AN21.8) |
| Special cases: | Costovertebral and Costotransverse Joints (AN21.8) |
| 1. Pump-handle movement | Mechanics of Respiration — Pump-Handle and Bucket-Handle (AN21.9) |
| upper ribs | Mechanics of Respiration — Pump-Handle and Bucket-Handle (AN21.9) |
| 2. Bucket-handle movement | Mechanics of Respiration — Pump-Handle and Bucket-Handle (AN21.9) |
| lower ribs | Mechanics of Respiration — Pump-Handle and Bucket-Handle (AN21.9) |
| Both movements happen simultaneously | Mechanics of Respiration — Pump-Handle and Bucket-Handle (AN21.9) |
| The diaphragm | Mechanics of Respiration — Pump-Handle and Bucket-Handle (AN21.9) |
| costal cartilages | Costochondral and Interchondral Joints (AN21.10) |
| Costochondral joints | Costochondral and Interchondral Joints (AN21.10) |
| primary cartilaginous joint | Costochondral and Interchondral Joints (AN21.10) |
| Sternocostal joints | Costochondral and Interchondral Joints (AN21.10) |
| primary cartilaginous | Costochondral and Interchondral Joints (AN21.10) |
| Interchondral joints | Costochondral and Interchondral Joints (AN21.10) |
| Clinical note — Tietze syndrome: | Costochondral and Interchondral Joints (AN21.10) |
| mediastinum | The Mediastinum — The Compartment Between the Lungs (AN21.11) |
| four subdivisions | The Mediastinum — The Compartment Between the Lungs (AN21.11) |
| sternal angle anteriorly | The Mediastinum — The Compartment Between the Lungs (AN21.11) |
| T4/T5 intervertebral disc posteriorly | The Mediastinum — The Compartment Between the Lungs (AN21.11) |
| 1. Superior mediastinum | The Mediastinum — The Compartment Between the Lungs (AN21.11) |
| arch of aorta | The Mediastinum — The Compartment Between the Lungs (AN21.11) |
| SVC | The Mediastinum — The Compartment Between the Lungs (AN21.11) |
| trachea | The Mediastinum — The Compartment Between the Lungs (AN21.11) |
| oesophagus | The Mediastinum — The Compartment Between the Lungs (AN21.11) |
| thoracic duct | The Mediastinum — The Compartment Between the Lungs (AN21.11) |
| vagus nerves | The Mediastinum — The Compartment Between the Lungs (AN21.11) |
| phrenic nerves | The Mediastinum — The Compartment Between the Lungs (AN21.11) |
| left recurrent laryngeal nerve | The Mediastinum — The Compartment Between the Lungs (AN21.11) |
| thymus | The Mediastinum — The Compartment Between the Lungs (AN21.11) |
| 2. Anterior mediastinum | The Mediastinum — The Compartment Between the Lungs (AN21.11) |
| 3. Middle mediastinum | The Mediastinum — The Compartment Between the Lungs (AN21.11) |
| heart | The Mediastinum — The Compartment Between the Lungs (AN21.11) |
| pericardium | The Mediastinum — The Compartment Between the Lungs (AN21.11) |
| ascending aorta | The Mediastinum — The Compartment Between the Lungs (AN21.11) |
| pulmonary trunk | The Mediastinum — The Compartment Between the Lungs (AN21.11) |
| main bronchi | The Mediastinum — The Compartment Between the Lungs (AN21.11) |
| 4. Posterior mediastinum | The Mediastinum — The Compartment Between the Lungs (AN21.11) |
| descending thoracic aorta | The Mediastinum — The Compartment Between the Lungs (AN21.11) |
| azygos and hemiazygos veins | The Mediastinum — The Compartment Between the Lungs (AN21.11) |
| vagus nerve | The Mediastinum — The Compartment Between the Lungs (AN21.11) |
| sympathetic trunks | The Mediastinum — The Compartment Between the Lungs (AN21.11) |
| "All Thoracic Structures Meet at the Sternal Angle" | The Mediastinum — The Compartment Between the Lungs (AN21.11) |
| bucket-handle movement | |
| pump-handle movement | |
| Find the sternal angle | reflection |
| Feel pump-handle vs bucket-handle | reflection |
| Locate the triangle of safety | reflection |
| Count your ribs on a colleague | reflection |
| Key takeaways — your study checklist: | summary |
| Thoracic vertebrae | summary |
| Outlet | summary |
| Intercostal muscles | summary |
| VAN order | summary |
| triangle of safety | summary |
| Intercostal nerves | summary |
| Costovertebral + costotransverse joints | summary |
| Pump-handle | summary |
| bucket-handle | summary |
187 terms in this module