BI8.1-6 | Vitamins and Nutrition — Practice Quiz

Which form of vitamin A is directly involved in the visual cycle as the chromophore of rhodopsin?

A 6-month-old infant in a sub-Himalayan village is found to have craniotabes (soft skull bones), widened wrists, and rachitic rosary. Serum calcium is low, phosphate is low, and alkaline phosphatase is markedly elevated. The mother reports the baby has been exclusively breastfed and kept indoors. Which biochemical step is most directly impaired?

A newborn delivered at a rural health centre develops bleeding from the umbilical stump on day 3 of life. Prothrombin time (PT) is prolonged. The most likely cause is deficiency of which vitamin?

Vitamin E protects cell membranes from lipid peroxidation. After neutralising a lipid peroxyl radical, the resulting tocopheroxyl radical is regenerated back to active vitamin E by which vitamin?

Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) is a coenzyme required by pyruvate dehydrogenase. Which other enzyme complex in the TCA cycle also requires TPP?

A 45-year-old chronic alcoholic presents with confusion, ataxia, and bilateral lateral rectus palsy (inability to abduct the eyes). What is the most urgent treatment?

A 30-year-old strict vegan woman presents with fatigue, glossitis, and a blood smear showing hypersegmented neutrophils and macrocytic red cells. Her methylmalonic acid (MMA) level is elevated. Which vitamin is most likely deficient?

A 25-year-old patient on isoniazid (INH) for pulmonary tuberculosis develops numbness and tingling in the feet after 2 months of treatment. The most likely cause is deficiency of:

A community health worker needs to screen children aged 6-59 months for severe acute malnutrition in a remote village without a weighing scale. Which anthropometric measurement is most appropriate?

A 3-year-old child in a drought-affected area presents with generalised oedema, hepatomegaly (fatty liver), skin lesions described as 'flaky paint dermatosis', and alternating bands of light and dark hair (flag sign). Serum albumin is 1.8 g/dL. The most likely diagnosis is: