PA H12 | Blood Groups & Transfusion Medicine — Practice Quiz

A 28-year-old woman with blood group O negative donates blood. According to Landsteiner's law, her serum will contain which antibodies?

A blood group O-positive patient urgently needs a transfusion. No crossmatched blood is immediately available. The MOST appropriate emergency blood product to issue is:

A primigravida is found to be Rh(D)-negative at booking. Her husband is Rh(D)-positive. At 28 weeks she receives anti-D immunoglobulin. The PRIMARY mechanism by which anti-D prophylaxis prevents haemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) is:

A neonate is deeply jaundiced at 12 hours of life. Direct Coombs test (DAT) is strongly positive. Maternal blood group is O Rh-negative. Fetal blood group is A Rh-positive. Which antibody is MOST likely causing haemolytic disease of the newborn in this infant?

A 45-year-old man with chronic kidney disease and haemoglobin of 6.2 g/dL requires transfusion. One unit of packed red blood cells (PRBC) is ordered. Which statement about PRBC storage is CORRECT?

Fresh frozen plasma (FFP) is indicated for which ONE of the following clinical situations?

Cryoprecipitate is prepared from FFP and is specifically enriched in which clotting factors?

A 32-year-old man is undergoing emergency splenectomy for traumatic splenic rupture. He has received 12 units of PRBC over 2 hours. His temperature is 35.2°C, PT is 2.5× normal, and ionised calcium is 0.82 mmol/L. Which transfusion complication is MOST likely responsible for this coagulopathy?

NACO (National AIDS Control Organisation) mandates screening of all donated blood units for five infections before release. Which combination represents the CORRECT five mandatory NACO screens?

A blood bank technician notes that a bag of platelets collected 4 days ago has a cloudy appearance and an unusual odour. The MOST likely cause and the BEST immediate action are:

Twenty minutes into a blood transfusion, a patient develops fever (rise of 1.5°C), rigors, and flushing but remains haemodynamically stable. Blood pressure and urine colour are normal. The transfusion is stopped. Which reaction is MOST likely, and what is the mechanism?

A patient receiving her third unit of PRBC develops acute onset dyspnoea, oxygen saturation of 86% on room air, bilateral pulmonary infiltrates on chest X-ray, and central venous pressure of 4 cmH₂O. Blood pressure is 90/60 mmHg. This presentation is MOST consistent with:

A 60-year-old man who received 2 units of PRBC 8 days ago now presents with low-grade fever, mild jaundice, and haemoglobin drop from 10.2 to 8.1 g/dL. Direct antiglobulin test (DAT) is positive. The MOST likely diagnosis and its mechanism are:

CLINICAL VIGNETTE: A 35-year-old woman with beta thalassaemia major is receiving her 25th unit of PRBC. Fifteen minutes into the transfusion she develops severe loin pain, fever (39.8°C), rigors, hypotension (BP 80/50 mmHg), and passes dark red urine. The nurse immediately stops the transfusion. What is the CORRECT sequence of FIRST steps in investigating this acute transfusion reaction?