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AN40.1-5 | Introduction to Organs of hearing and equilibrium
Learning Objectives
- Describe and identify the parts, blood supply, and nerve supply of the external ear (AN40.1)
- Describe and demonstrate the boundaries, contents, relations, and functional anatomy of the middle ear and auditory tube (AN40.2)
- Describe the features of the internal ear — bony and membranous labyrinths (AN40.3)
- Explain the anatomical basis of otitis externa and otitis media and their complications (AN40.4)
- Explain the anatomical basis of myringotomy — site, rationale, and structures at risk (AN40.5)
INSTRUCTIONS
This module covers the three parts of the ear systematically. Pay close attention to the clinical correlations — ear disease is extremely common in Indian primary care practice.
References
- Gray's Anatomy for Students (Drake et al.) — Chapter 8: Head and Neck (Textbook)
- BD Chaurasia's Human Anatomy, Vol. 3 — Head & Neck (Textbook)
- Dhingra's Diseases of Ear, Nose and Throat (Textbook)
- OpenStax Anatomy and Physiology 2e — Special Senses (Open Access)
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