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AN79.1-6 | 3rd to 8th week of development — Glossary
Glossary — 3rd to 8th week of development
Key terms introduced in this module, in order of first appearance. Use this as a revision checklist.
| Term | Where Introduced |
|---|---|
| Neural tube defects (NTDs) | relevance |
| Sacrococcygeal teratoma | relevance |
| Nucleus pulposus | relevance |
| NMC 2024 CBME | relevance |
| Folic acid policy | relevance |
| bilaminar disc | recall |
| amniotic cavity | recall |
| primary yolk sac | recall |
| Teratogens | recall |
| The Primitive Streak | Part 1: Primitive Streak — Formation and Fate (AN79.1) |
| Formation (Day 14–15, 3rd week): | Part 1: Primitive Streak — Formation and Fate (AN79.1) |
| caudal midline | Part 1: Primitive Streak — Formation and Fate (AN79.1) |
| Cranial–caudal axis | Part 1: Primitive Streak — Formation and Fate (AN79.1) |
| Left–right axis | Part 1: Primitive Streak — Formation and Fate (AN79.1) |
| Dorsal–ventral axis | Part 1: Primitive Streak — Formation and Fate (AN79.1) |
| Structure: | Part 1: Primitive Streak — Formation and Fate (AN79.1) |
| Primitive streak | Part 1: Primitive Streak — Formation and Fate (AN79.1) |
| Primitive node (Hensen's node) | Part 1: Primitive Streak — Formation and Fate (AN79.1) |
| Primitive groove | Part 1: Primitive Streak — Formation and Fate (AN79.1) |
| Primitive pit | Part 1: Primitive Streak — Formation and Fate (AN79.1) |
| Gastrulation — The Process: | Part 1: Primitive Streak — Formation and Fate (AN79.1) |
| intraembryonic mesoderm | Part 1: Primitive Streak — Formation and Fate (AN79.1) |
| Ectoderm | Part 1: Primitive Streak — Formation and Fate (AN79.1) |
| Mesoderm | Part 1: Primitive Streak — Formation and Fate (AN79.1) |
| Endoderm | Part 1: Primitive Streak — Formation and Fate (AN79.1) |
| gastrulation | Part 1: Primitive Streak — Formation and Fate (AN79.1) |
| trilaminar disc | Part 1: Primitive Streak — Formation and Fate (AN79.1) |
| Fate of the Primitive Streak: | Part 1: Primitive Streak — Formation and Fate (AN79.1) |
| disappears entirely | Part 1: Primitive Streak — Formation and Fate (AN79.1) |
| Clinical Significance: | Part 1: Primitive Streak — Formation and Fate (AN79.1) |
| 80% benign at birth; becomes malignant if not excised early | Part 1: Primitive Streak — Formation and Fate (AN79.1) |
| Situs inversus | Part 1: Primitive Streak — Formation and Fate (AN79.1) |
| Conjoined twins | Part 1: Primitive Streak — Formation and Fate (AN79.1) |
| The Notochord | Part 2: Notochord — Formation and Fate (AN79.2) |
| Formation (Days 16–22, 3rd week): | Part 2: Notochord — Formation and Fate (AN79.2) |
| notochordal process | Part 2: Notochord — Formation and Fate (AN79.2) |
| notochord | Part 2: Notochord — Formation and Fate (AN79.2) |
| oropharyngeal membrane | Part 2: Notochord — Formation and Fate (AN79.2) |
| cloacal membrane | Part 2: Notochord — Formation and Fate (AN79.2) |
| Functions of the Notochord: | Part 2: Notochord — Formation and Fate (AN79.2) |
| Defines the central axis | Part 2: Notochord — Formation and Fate (AN79.2) |
| Induces neurulation | Part 2: Notochord — Formation and Fate (AN79.2) |
| neural plate | Part 2: Notochord — Formation and Fate (AN79.2) |
| Determines vertebral body formation | Part 2: Notochord — Formation and Fate (AN79.2) |
| Fate of the Notochord: | Part 2: Notochord — Formation and Fate (AN79.2) |
| surrounded and incorporated | Part 2: Notochord — Formation and Fate (AN79.2) |
| intervertebral disc | Part 2: Notochord — Formation and Fate (AN79.2) |
| persists and expands | Part 2: Notochord — Formation and Fate (AN79.2) |
| annulus fibrosus | Part 2: Notochord — Formation and Fate (AN79.2) |
| sciatica | Part 2: Notochord — Formation and Fate (AN79.2) |
| L4–L5 disc prolapse | Part 2: Notochord — Formation and Fate (AN79.2) |
| L5–S1 disc prolapse | Part 2: Notochord — Formation and Fate (AN79.2) |
| Chordoma | Part 2: Notochord — Formation and Fate (AN79.2) |
| clivus | Part 2: Notochord — Formation and Fate (AN79.2) |
| sacrococcygeal | Part 2: Notochord — Formation and Fate (AN79.2) |
| Neurulation (3rd–4th weeks) | Part 3: Neurulation — Formation of the Neural Tube (AN79.3) |
| neural tube | Part 3: Neurulation — Formation of the Neural Tube (AN79.3) |
| Steps: | Part 3: Neurulation — Formation of the Neural Tube (AN79.3) |
| Neural plate induction (Day 18): | Part 3: Neurulation — Formation of the Neural Tube (AN79.3) |
| Neural folds (Day 20–22): | Part 3: Neurulation — Formation of the Neural Tube (AN79.3) |
| neural folds | Part 3: Neurulation — Formation of the Neural Tube (AN79.3) |
| neural groove | Part 3: Neurulation — Formation of the Neural Tube (AN79.3) |
| Neural tube closure (Days 22–26): | Part 3: Neurulation — Formation of the Neural Tube (AN79.3) |
| mid-cervical region | Part 3: Neurulation — Formation of the Neural Tube (AN79.3) |
| Anterior (cranial) neuropore closes on Day 25 | Part 3: Neurulation — Formation of the Neural Tube (AN79.3) |
| Posterior (caudal) neuropore closes on Day 27 | Part 3: Neurulation — Formation of the Neural Tube (AN79.3) |
| Neural crest cells | Part 3: Neurulation — Formation of the Neural Tube (AN79.3) |
| Neural Tube → CNS: | Part 3: Neurulation — Formation of the Neural Tube (AN79.3) |
| Neural Crest Cells (the 4th germ layer): | Part 3: Neurulation — Formation of the Neural Tube (AN79.3) |
| Anencephaly | Part 3: Neurulation — Formation of the Neural Tube (AN79.3) |
| Spina bifida occulta | Part 3: Neurulation — Formation of the Neural Tube (AN79.3) |
| Meningocele | Part 3: Neurulation — Formation of the Neural Tube (AN79.3) |
| Myelomeningocele | Part 3: Neurulation — Formation of the Neural Tube (AN79.3) |
| Encephalocele | Part 3: Neurulation — Formation of the Neural Tube (AN79.3) |
| Chiari II Malformation (Arnold-Chiari): | Part 3: Neurulation — Formation of the Neural Tube (AN79.3) |
| Prevention of NTDs: | Part 3: Neurulation — Formation of the Neural Tube (AN79.3) |
| Periconceptional folic acid (0.4–5 mg/day) | Part 3: Neurulation — Formation of the Neural Tube (AN79.3) |
| Somite Formation | Part 4: Somite Development and Intra-Embryonic Coelom (AN79.4) |
| Paraxial mesoderm | Part 4: Somite Development and Intra-Embryonic Coelom (AN79.4) |
| somites | Part 4: Somite Development and Intra-Embryonic Coelom (AN79.4) |
| Somite timeline: | Part 4: Somite Development and Intra-Embryonic Coelom (AN79.4) |
| Total: 42–44 pairs | Part 4: Somite Development and Intra-Embryonic Coelom (AN79.4) |
| Somite Derivatives (3 components): | Part 4: Somite Development and Intra-Embryonic Coelom (AN79.4) |
| Sclerotome | Part 4: Somite Development and Intra-Embryonic Coelom (AN79.4) |
| Myotome | Part 4: Somite Development and Intra-Embryonic Coelom (AN79.4) |
| Dermatome | Part 4: Somite Development and Intra-Embryonic Coelom (AN79.4) |
| Note: | Part 4: Somite Development and Intra-Embryonic Coelom (AN79.4) |
| Resegmentation: | Part 4: Somite Development and Intra-Embryonic Coelom (AN79.4) |
| Intra-Embryonic Coelom (Body Cavity) | Part 4: Somite Development and Intra-Embryonic Coelom (AN79.4) |
| Formation: | Part 4: Somite Development and Intra-Embryonic Coelom (AN79.4) |
| lateral plate mesoderm | Part 4: Somite Development and Intra-Embryonic Coelom (AN79.4) |
| Somatic (parietal) mesoderm | Part 4: Somite Development and Intra-Embryonic Coelom (AN79.4) |
| Splanchnic (visceral) mesoderm | Part 4: Somite Development and Intra-Embryonic Coelom (AN79.4) |
| intraembryonic coelom | Part 4: Somite Development and Intra-Embryonic Coelom (AN79.4) |
| Partitioning of the coelom: | Part 4: Somite Development and Intra-Embryonic Coelom (AN79.4) |
| Pericardial cavity | Part 4: Somite Development and Intra-Embryonic Coelom (AN79.4) |
| Pleural cavities | Part 4: Somite Development and Intra-Embryonic Coelom (AN79.4) |
| Peritoneal cavity | Part 4: Somite Development and Intra-Embryonic Coelom (AN79.4) |
| Septum transversum | Part 4: Somite Development and Intra-Embryonic Coelom (AN79.4) |
| Pleuropericardial folds | Part 4: Somite Development and Intra-Embryonic Coelom (AN79.4) |
| Pleuroperitoneal folds | Part 4: Somite Development and Intra-Embryonic Coelom (AN79.4) |
| Clinical: Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia (CDH): | Part 4: Somite Development and Intra-Embryonic Coelom (AN79.4) |
| pulmonary hypoplasia | Part 4: Somite Development and Intra-Embryonic Coelom (AN79.4) |
| Teratogen-Sensitive Period: | clinical_pearl |
| major structural defects | clinical_pearl |
| Common teratogens encountered in Indian practice: | clinical_pearl |
| Thalidomide | clinical_pearl |
| Sodium valproate | clinical_pearl |
| Alcohol | clinical_pearl |
| Rubella virus | clinical_pearl |
| CMV | clinical_pearl |
| Retinoic acid | clinical_pearl |
| Diabetes mellitus | clinical_pearl |
| Folic Acid and NTDs: | clinical_pearl |
| posterior neuropore | reflection |
| Primitive Streak (AN79.1): | summary |
| Notochord (AN79.2): | summary |
| Neurulation (AN79.3): | summary |
| Somites and Coelom (AN79.4): | summary |
| Congenital Anomalies (AN79.5): | summary |
120 terms in this module