CM10.5 | CM10.5 | Immunization and Childhood Illness Programmes — Summary & Reflection

KEY TAKEAWAYS

The UIP schedule organises vaccines by age: at birth (BCG intradermal left arm, OPV-0, Hepatitis B IM); at 6, 10, and 14 weeks (OPV, Pentavalent IM, IPV); at 9-12 months (MR subcutaneous, JE in endemic districts, Vitamin A 100,000 IU); at 16-24 months (DPT booster, OPV booster, MR-2, Vitamin A 200,000 IU); at 5-6 years (DPT second booster); at 10 and 16 years (TT). Cold chain temperature: 2-8°C for most vaccines; -15 to -25°C for OPV and BCG at state/district stores. VVM inner square darker than outer ring = discard; shake test for freeze-sensitive vaccines (Pentavalent, DTP, Hepatitis B). NFHS-5: full immunization coverage 76.4% nationally; dropout rate (DPT1 to DTP3) should be <10%. IMNCI: Assess (general danger signs first, then five illness domains) → Classify (pink/yellow/green) → Treat (referral, facility treatment, or home management). Mission Indradhanush targets zero-dose children in high-risk districts. Catch-up: give all age-appropriate vaccines simultaneously; never restart the series.

REFLECT

You are reviewing the HMIS data for your sub-centre for the past 6 months. You notice that BCG coverage is at 94%, OPV-0 coverage is at 91%, and Pentavalent-3 coverage is at 67%. The dropout rate from Pentavalent-1 to Pentavalent-3 is 29%. What are the two most likely explanations for this pattern, and what specific data from the MCTS system would you pull to confirm your hypothesis? What operational changes would you make for next month's session?