MI9.1-6 | Zoonotic, Opportunistic & Emerging Infections — Practice Quiz

A 35-year-old farmer presents in August with high fever, severe headache, myalgia, conjunctival suffusion, and jaundice that developed over 10 days. He had waded through floodwaters during a recent monsoon. On examination: hepatomegaly, oliguria, and creatinine 3.8 mg/dL. Which organism is most likely responsible?

A 28-year-old woman is brought to casualty with agitation, hydrophobia, and aerophobia 6 weeks after being bitten on the hand by a stray dog. She did not receive any post-exposure prophylaxis. What is the pathological hallmark found on histology of her brain?

A 45-year-old man with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus presents with painful bilateral parotid swelling, fever, and right-sided facial pain. CT shows gas formation in the right parotid gland. Blood culture grows a Gram-negative oxidase-positive rod. Which organism is most likely?

A 32-year-old HIV-positive patient (CD4 count: 60 cells/µL) presents with progressive headache, fever, and altered sensorium for 3 weeks. CSF analysis shows: opening pressure 320 mm H2O, 20 lymphocytes/µL, protein 70 mg/dL, glucose 30 mg/dL (serum 90 mg/dL). India ink preparation shows encapsulated yeast cells. What is the most appropriate confirmatory test?

A 16-year-old girl from Bihar is found to have cervical ectopy on routine examination. She is referred for HPV genotyping as part of a cervical cancer screening programme. Results show HPV type 16 infection. Which viral protein is primarily responsible for p53 degradation?

A 52-year-old fisherman from Kerala presents with 4 days of high fever, severe headache, and altered consciousness after returning from a trip to southern Bangladesh. His family reports he ate raw fish. CSF shows lymphocytic pleocytosis. MRI shows diffusion restriction in the limbic system. Serology confirms Nipah virus. This is best classified as:

A 24-year-old male presents with painless cervical lymphadenopathy and night sweats for 3 months. Biopsy shows Reed-Sternberg cells in a background of eosinophils and lymphocytes. EBER (EBV-encoded RNA) in situ hybridisation is positive in the tumour cells. Which EBV latency programme is most likely active in this tumour?

A stray dog bit a 10-year-old child on the face. She is brought to casualty 2 hours after the bite. The wound is washed, and advice on post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) is sought. According to the National Rabies Control Programme, this is a Category III exposure. What is the MOST APPROPRIATE management?

A national surveillance team reports a cluster of severe acute respiratory illness with 40% case fatality among pig farmers in Kerala, with evidence of human-to-human transmission among healthcare workers. Fruit bats are identified as the primary reservoir. Which programme under the National Action Plan for Antimicrobial Resistance and the One Health framework would coordinate the investigation?

A 38-year-old woman with HIV (CD4 count: 45 cells/µL) on HAART develops progressive painless vision loss in the right eye over 3 weeks. Fundoscopy shows 'pizza-pie' retinopathy with perivascular haemorrhages and exudates along blood vessels. What is the most likely causative organism?