Page 1 of 21

PA16.1-3 | Welcome to Haemolytic Anaemia — Definition, Classification & Lab Markers

Learning Objectives

  • Define haemolysis and haemolytic anaemia, and distinguish compensated from decompensated states.
  • Classify haemolytic anaemias using three parallel frameworks: site (intravascular vs extravascular), cause (hereditary vs acquired), and defect location (intracorpuscular vs extracorpuscular).
  • Describe the general clinical features of haemolytic anaemia and explain their pathophysiological basis.
  • Identify the key haematologic indices and laboratory markers of haemolysis and interpret their significance.
  • Recognise the categories of hereditary and acquired haemolytic anaemias as a foundation for SDL2 and SDL3.

INSTRUCTIONS

Red cell destruction is one of the commonest causes of anaemia you will encounter in clinical medicine. This module builds the conceptual scaffolding — definitions, classification frameworks, clinical features and laboratory hallmarks — that underpins every specific haemolytic disorder you will study. A firm grasp of the three classification axes and the laboratory marker map will allow you to reason systematically about any patient presenting with haemolysis, from sickle-cell disease to autoimmune haemolytic anaemia.

References

  • Robbins & Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease, 10th ed., Ch 14 (Red Cell and Bleeding Disorders) (textbook)
  • Harsh Mohan's Textbook of Pathology, 8th ed., Ch 12 (Disorders of Red Blood Cells) (textbook)
  • Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 21st ed., Ch 100 (Haemolytic Anaemias) (textbook)

Version 2.0 | NMC CBUC 2024